Module & Package¶

Modules and packages help you organize Python code into reusable components.

Module¶

A module is a single Python file (.py) that contains functions, variables, or classes.

utils.py

def greet(name):
    print(f"Hello {name}")

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

main.py

import utils

utils.greet("Alice")
print(utils.add(2, 3))

Hello Alice
5

from utils import greet, add

greet("Bob")
print(add(10, 20))

import utils as u

u.greet("Charlie")

Python comes with many built-in modules.

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))
print(math.pi)

import random

print(random.randint(1, 10))

A package is a folder containing multiple modules.

It must include an __init__.py file (can be empty).

mypackage/
    __init__.py
    math_utils.py
    string_utils.py

def multiply(a, b):
    return a * b

from mypackage import math_utils

print(math_utils.multiply(3, 4))

from mypackage.math_utils import multiply

print(multiply(5, 6))

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