Condition & Loop

Conditions allow a program to make decisions.

Loops allow a program to repeat actions.

if Statement

Execute code only when a condition is true.

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")

Output

Adult

if-else Statement

Choose between two branches.

age = 16

if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
else:
    print("Minor")

Output

Minor

if-elif-else Statement

Handle multiple conditions.

score = 85

if score >= 90:
    print("A")
elif score >= 80:
    print("B")
elif score >= 70:
    print("C")
else:
    print("D")

Output

B

Comparison Operators

a = 10
b = 20

print(a == b)  # Equal
print(a != b)  # Not equal
print(a < b)   # Less than
print(a <= b)  # Less than or equal
print(a > b)   # Greater than
print(a >= b)  # Greater than or equal

Logical Operators

age = 20
has_ticket = True

if age >= 18 and has_ticket:
    print("Allowed")

Common Operators

Operator	Meaning
and	Both conditions are true
or	At least one condition is true
not	Reverse a condition

for Loop

Iterate over a sequence.

for i in range(5):
    print(i)

Output

0
1
2
3
4

while Loop

Repeat while a condition is true.

count = 0

while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

Output

0
1
2
3
4

break

Exit a loop immediately.

for i in range(10):
    if i == 5:
        break

    print(i)

Output

0
1
2
3
4

continue

Skip the current iteration.

for i in range(5):
    if i == 2:
        continue

    print(i)

Output

0
1
3
4

Summary

• Use if, elif, and else for decision making
• Use comparison operators to compare values
• Use logical operators to combine conditions
• Use for when the number of iterations is known
• Use while when repeating until a condition changes
• Use break to stop a loop
• Use continue to skip an iteration

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